These impacts are already felt on the atolls of Kiribati and will be exacerbated by the effects of climate change. This study has used a long-term (1976 to 2017) satellite data record to study the development, movement and dynamics of BIs located along the Indus Delta. These storms may cause coastal dunes and beaches to make a landward retreat, which can be several meters in just a few hours time. The controlled inlets at either end of the coast are a type of interactive feature that have particular roles in the passage of land along the shore. Academia.edu uses cookies to personalize content, tailor ads and improve the user experience. Beach Abrasion. 1. This photo shows erosion at the top of a bluff known as slumping. KnW_ 7w;o~1]q|2hiB9vE/y#zohgZu_YND_i9;iAWM(TzsvS#Xv?u|~| }PA5RZXQDFDO\DEE*b)EGKwC+s0p"K!JDh Leveeing of the Mississippi River. 2nd INQUA-IGCP 567 International Workshop on Active Tectonics, Earthquake Geology, Archaeology and Engineering, Geomorphological identification, classification and spatial distribution of coastal landforms of Malta (Mediterranean Sea), Human influence and the changing geomorphology of Mediterranean deltas. Coastal erosion is more intense on the northern coasts, than on the southern coasts, due to the Management of Water Resources and Wetland Protection in Tourism Developing Areas - National Center for the Environment & Sustainable Development. Monitoring outcomes as part of the SEA process is paramount, however, evaluative studies of coastal erosion related initiatives focusing on outcomes are rare and are also the hardest and most infrequently completed type of evaluation. I2hj? It lies between 8449 N 92220 N latitudes and 78356 E- 79266 E longitudes, covering an area of 1437.20Sq.km. This study analyzed shoreline change rates for three neighbouring coastal communities in . 499#*dTr9/gXd8|ZI}W-v,SB_cQ_J>Ly4lQ&K~qE?~Z\H7o.zErSY?WW_(2'FNGj~|m5Qrpq$XZ}+}?iWUjvo&z9[\:v~/]~56|rw7oQDhuE7K>>=-#b] d#-7Ww=>nGVTLq5}^^IPyu?3=:nT9iu{u}ay!iz^3'm}l)mWLvvM}/MR4&''g|bR awIsK-YPdjTB)WPXKe The symposium is generously sponsored by the Asia Pacific Network for Global Change Research (APN), Monash University, the West Gippsland Catchment Management Authority, the Department of Sustainability and Environment, Victoria and the Latrobe City Council, Victoria. The erosion in one location may result in the pile-up of sand or sediments elsewhere. The coastal zone extends offshore to the continental shelf break and onshore to the first major change in topography above the reach of major storm waves. Over time this can loosen cliff material forming a wave-cut notch. 387 0 obj <> endobj $6.50. Thus, the ecosystem characteristics and configuration of the coast are products of a suite of natural processes, complemented by human actions. Raising levees along the banks of the river prevented flooding and the deposition of sediment in the coastal marshes. This study aims to assess the situation, causes, and impacts of coastal . Soil erosion can be a slow process that happens over a long period, or it can . An investigation of the coastal erosion causes in Samos Island (Eastern Aegean Sea) Download. Even though, a considerable amount of small islands is situated in our coastal waters, they have neglected in tourism development perspective. endobj Lakes shorelines. Students will plan and conduct an experiment to demonstrate how coastal erosion works . Coastal processes are the set of mechanisms that operate along a coastline, bringing about various combinations of erosion and deposition. Len eed of the wind3 . This region is defined here as Tuticorin Coast, India, and their outlying islands. All these activities cover the main island of Sri Lanka. Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. From all these sensors, the Near Infrared (NIR) band (0.70.9 m) was used for the delineation and extraction of the boundaries of 18 BIs. The CZ is divided into four subzones: National Flood and Coastal Erosion, And Coastal Erosion Risk Management Strategy, Coastal, Coastal Act, Coastal erosion, Erosion, Mangroves for coastal defence, The Nature Conservancy, Coastal Structures: Types, Functions and Applications, And coastal erosion risk management strategy, And Coastal Erosion Risk Management Strategy, Coastal Structures: Types, Functions and Applications. You can download the paper by clicking the button above. hb```g``z B,l@qGD/KVI ty2w (8%4$,SH+ Erosion (from Latin erosio, to wear, to wear away) refers to surface processes acting to remove material.In the coastal zone, the wearing away and transporting away of sediment particles and rock fragments are known as coastal erosion.Coastal erosion applies to the entire coastal zone (e.g., Jolliffe 1982; Pranzini and Williams 2013), i.e., the zone extending from the offshore environment to . A geomorphological and geochemical approach, 2016. But it is 4 >q8V&0ee"S>HM@(F1,pd,Ee`-e:5Y{Oq The physical processes that cause barrier island erosion and wetland loss throughout the Louisiana delta plain are complex and varied. 1. This constant change may seem alarming, but erosion and accretion (build up of sediment) are natural phenomena experienced by the shoreline in a sort Coastal zone: is defined as the transition zone where the land meets water, the region that is directly influenced by marine hydrodynamic processes. 4 What Do Coastal Structures Do? Coastal erosion is caused by a number of factors, including natural processes such as the wind, rain and waves, as well as human activities, such as the damming of rivers. q(>_?ovw/O_~/{{7}?nm~[l5nndLY}d7w1Lg2I3e"S:o Erosion effects in different regions. Storms cause the water level to rise, and produce strong and highly energetic waves due to the wind action. Coastal erosion is the wearing away of land by destructive waves, currents, and wind. In this paper we studied about Coastal Erosion, Causes and Impact of Coastal Erosion. 4 0 obj One of the most significant causes of land loss is the building of levees and flood control structures along the Mississippi River. When a coconut tree dies, the decay starts at the top. An investigation of the coastal erosion causes in Samos Island (Eastern Aegean Sea) Niki Evelpidou. endstream endobj 391 0 obj <>stream 13. (Dolan et . <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/Annots[ 26 0 R 27 0 R 28 0 R 29 0 R 30 0 R 31 0 R 32 0 R 33 0 R 34 0 R 35 0 R 36 0 R 37 0 R 38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R] /MediaBox[ 0 0 612.12 792.12] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Coastal Erosion and Management- This resource looks at why some coastlines erode faster than others, how soft and hard engineering can be used to protect the coast, a focus on the case study of Holderness, north-east England.Content:- The factors that influence the rate of coastal erosion.-. <> You can download the paper by clicking the button above. Coastal Processes Coastal erosion is the loss or displacement of land along the coastline due to the action of wind, waves, currents, tides, wind-driven water, waterborne ice, runoff of surface waters, other impacts of storms, or groundwater seepage. Vasilopoulos A. Niki Evelpidou . % The larger rocks that are broken off by sediment as shown in this picture are called scree or talus; scree. Coastal erosion Impacts and Management. Similarly, weathered bedrock islands also can develop as bird sanctuaries, religious and scenic attractive places for ecotourism, and also geotourism, cultural tourism. Gzam M., Elmejdoub N., Jedoui Y., Late quaternary sea level changes of Gabes coastal plain and shelf: Identification of the MIS 5c and MIS 5a onshore highstands, southern Mediterranean, Tsunami deposits on the coastline of west Crete (Greece), Holocene coastal environments and processes in subantarctic/temperate cold Tierra del Fuego, Argentina-Chile. Coastal processes. 2 Coastal Erosion: Its Causes, Effects, and Distribution INTRODUCTION This chapter discusses how beaches are formed and factors that determine coastal erosion, stability, or accretion. The Louisiana coast is unique among the Gulf . To browse Academia.edu and the wider internet faster and more securely, please take a few seconds toupgrade your browser. 12. We extend our warm welcome to all participants and we hope the Symposium provides you the opportunity to share your knowledge and learn from others in this important area of coastal zone management. Winds and storms, nearshore currents, SLR, and the slope angles of the . pM^9,6yZ&vkiRP] 460 0 obj <>stream pebbles) and hurl them at the base of a cliff. Protect infrastructure from flooding due to high water levels, erosion, and impact from waves and currents Protect boat traffic by reducing waves and wave impact Stabilize navigation channels by reducing sedimentation, inlet migration Reduce erosion by stabilizing shorelines/beaches Enhance recreation, beauty, Applications, Types, Structure, Functions, Erosion, Coastal, Coastal structures, Functions and applications, weathering, erosion and deposition. Baththalangunduwa is an elongated sandy island. G. Marcato, Marco Cavalli, Byron Quan Luna, International Conference: Off site impacts of soil erosion and sediment transport, Slobodan Miko, Nick Marriner, Christophe Morhange, Giulia Boetto, Sanja Faivre, George Alexandrakis, Dafni Sifnioti, G. Ghionis, Stelios Petrakis, Pan-European conference Remote Sensing and Spatial Analysis Tools for Erosion Processes, Michael Stamatakis, Charalampos Vasilatos, Paros Island (Cyclades - Aegean Sea) coastal zone: natural processes and dynamics, Natural processes and dynamics of the coastal zone of the Paros Island (Cyclades Islands of Aegean Sea) towards its sustainable development, Natural and artificial caves in Samos Island, Geomorphological and hydrological setting of the touristic beaches of the Paros Island, Seismic coastal uplift in a region of subsidence: Holocene raised shorelines of Samos Island, Aegean Sea, Greece, Assessment of the sensitivity of the southern coast of the Gulf of Corinth (Peloponnese, Greece) to sea-level rise, (65-66-67) Chapters in: The Madra River Delta (65: The physical geography, 66: Geomorphological formation, 67: Paleogeography of the Yeldeirmeni mound ), (2007) THE MADRA RIVER DELTA:Regional Studies on the Aegean Coast of Turkey-1. In this episode, we are going to study. This paper. This is a global problem. Abstract: Coastal erosion can be defined as the removal of material from the coast by wave action, tidal currents and/or the activities of man, typically causing a landward retreat of the coastline1. In 2011, erosion gradually increased and the length of beach represented as 10081.99 m, and in 2013, sand was pumped into the coast along the beach, thus expanding up to 13389.38 m. The sand pumped into the shore to stop the erosion deposited on coral reefs, and had made bad effects on the bottom dwellers of the sea. ;kG Erosion is not simply a . H\0,zQ> IEn*)DUin=$Nt|V(1N_. (Sx(v6L_>d CIRB8% 31tv%@i|#S1K3d"x g76EU`FF{Ea1F@Ia"Ye9,#iT(Dq)>f X/HDMz8*HjYq$*U&.\*+I"y Negative off-site effects of erosion. It also sends soil-laden water downstream, which can create heavy layers of sediment that prevent streams and rivers from flowing smoothly and can eventually lead to flooding. S\!qB{`=08O+FE9%rh!0w27M`yeT0U`y!b4Gh2h!Kql (auB u"%$,J4VE@,rASy) In particular, there are three types of causes of coastal erosion Anthropogenic Activities, Littoral Drift, and Natural Occurrences. It is considered well established that sea level rise generally leads to erosion and causes the shoreline to retreat landwards. Unfortunately, the Tuticorin Coast has well-developed coastal ecosystem (geomorphological landforms on the land and sea side) is dominated by coastal climate, it reaching elevations of 2-28m. 2 Coastal erosion: Extent and causes Coastal erosion and accretion are natural processes; however, they have become anomalous and widespread in the coastal zone of Asia and other countries in the Indian Ocean owing to combinations of various natural forces, population growth and unmanaged economic development Much of the study area is undeveloped and retains a wide array of coastal land forms in near natural condition. mOQeBL*]i= ]BPL"{cP2c`(*.%=" Sea Level Rise and Coastal Erosion. The wastage of the sea coast, or coastal erosion, is brought about mainly by the action of sea waves but also, in part, by the disintegration or degradation of sea cliffs by atmospheric agents such as rain, frost, and tidal scour. This abrasion is caused by natural factors such as wind blowing over the sea which produces strong waves like ocean waves. Students identify if weathering or erosion caused an observable change in Earth s surface and explain how \PQ[KPIVOMIMK\[\PMMV^QZWVUMV\W^MZ\QUM Science notebooks Pencils Station 1 Sugar cubes Plastic tray Plastic bag (Ziploc) Station 2 Watering can Potting soil or sand Clear basin . 1 0 obj 0J*h $[gh#9-,mhEa6LQHE-:z0N6Z.vdH6J^;[H66 6L cN[Pe{ODB^^RRKFm'6X>ym&hY.J^fUJI&:z,=2k;V2cVn` NjVRYR&BF?2TLiYs)!R9!W,9za'$IlpD2%%PqF`YY4=3PJLu)LS`/u$,H`mVc.^`M)dlmLt\cMV^:'2XN2JLT%C YDY.bT. =&z1rK7CIVjHK-p*a#'o=0Bh5't#=r% F gth of time the wind blows2. 37 Full PDFs related to this paper . Coastal erosion is the wearing away of land and the removal of beach or dune sediments by wave action, tidal currents, wave currents, drainage or high winds. The region's climatic trends are consistent with those of other parts of the world. A4, Fourth International Conference on Aerospace Science & Engineering (ICASE_IST ), Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, Journal of Sustainability Science and Management, Michael Phillips, Tony Thomas, Gill Lock, David Obura, Chris Poonian PhD, Michael H Schleyer, PROBLEMS INVOLVING RIVER CHANNEL CHANGES: EVIDENCE FROM THE LOWER DRAINAGE BASIN OF THE KELANI RIVER REPORT OF A STUDY SPONSORED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF SRI JAYEWARDENEPURA GANGODAWILA, NUGEGODA, SRI LANKA, Lagoons of Sri Lanka: from the origins to the present, Climatic balance on coastal ecosystems in Gulf of Mannar: Geoclimatic techniques, Monsoonally influenced circulation around coral reef islands and seasonal dynamics of reef island shorelines, CHANNEL DIMENSIONS & PALEODISCHARGE ESTIMATES OF BURIED CHANNEL SYSTEM IN THE PALK BAY, EAST COAST OF INDIA, Spatial and Temporal Variability of Open-Ocean Barrier Islands along the Indus Delta Region, Coastal Zones and Climate Change: Assessing the Impacts and Developing Adaptation Strategies, International symposium on coastal zones and climate change, Beach Sand Supply and Transport at Kunduchi in Tanzania and Bamburi in Kenya, Long Term Coastal Erosion and Shoreline Positions of Sri Lanka, Geomorphology of the south-Atlantic Spanish coast. Corrasion is when destructive waves pick up beach material (e.g. These are corrasion, abrasion, hydraulic action and attrition. Tuticorin Coast climate is strongly influenced by the surrounding sea water. In this chapter, we will see the geographic and societal situation of the coast and its management on a sub-regional basis. Waves. Coastal erosion can also occur due to subsidence and mass wasting processes on weak slopes. Hydrodynamic, neotectonic and climatic control of the evolution of a barrier beach in the microtidal environment of the NE Ionian Sea (eastern Mediterranean), Erosion risk model for the Karlovassi basin, Samos Island - Eastern Aegean Sea, Greece, fundamentals of geomorph by richard hugget, Chapter 10 The rock coast of South and Central America from by guest on, Multi-proxy analyses of Subatlantic peat bog sediments from the Western Tatra Mts. The most serious coastal hazards are a) the attack by cyclones, b) impacts of tidal floods, c) the killer wave- tsunamis and d) the coastal erosion. The community has had to relocate due to the effects of severe coastal erosion and saltwater intrusion. The economic rationale for land husbandry. vAF& to erosion. Erosion by windsErosion by waves Erosion by . The land water interface along the coastline is always in a highly dynamic state and nature works towards maintaining an equilibrium condition. 7FbZ>VR4mxA~ X^R}24c^YpVj"PdIP=^aW(rh Environment, Society and Community Life from Prehistory to the Present.Alluvial geomorphology and paleogeography of the Yeldeirmeni mound and its environs. For this purpose, imagery from Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS), Thematic Mapper (TM), Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+), and Operational Land Imager (OLI) sensors was used. Soil erosion decreases soil fertility, which can negatively affect crop yields. Australia's coastline has been remarkably stable over the past 200 years or so, given that sea levels have risen by 17 centimetres over that time. 2 0 obj By using our site, you agree to our collection of information through the use of cookies. After analyzing data spatially, erosion can be seen especially in the western flank of the island. @jhL.LO!+uu%vJ8{%p0*sj7&JXD-jRTPhMdT*$z%amZTBi@@j:nP7 Abrasion occurs as breaking waves, concentrated . However, there are a number of residential communities, primarily on the very near to the coast, that have altered the climate and ecosystem processes. The geomorphological processes, which take place on the coastal zone, are influenced by a number of environmental factors, such as lithology, climate, biota, and oceanography. EBaB(u/ B9_PoUE()%)LQ4*[Q+Z;06.keP|N.,GlK>- 1F"5\+[@JpRRYYkx$ n@NLSH#"52'yn3` UZZh.)Is'_jcnLF6d(AFd.2v/%Sg8)^JpR9dD, daUv)|f T,'^SjZX "$o aq,3!*2HNHD`z"T{&']Bh!6#3lTFhS\t>_L~2GD~,O;8x`,`;1ASk1$=DLsSC*!i*aS2^ nLt*ls\y>PW|-^+>5o7|W7DAIh("76);nQo) Sand mining in a river lowers the river bed, causes bank erosion and reduces the supply of sand to the coast. Coastal and Marine Geospatial Technologies, Coastal Systems and Continental Margins, 6th International Symposium Computer Mapping and GIS for Coastal Zone Management, Caves Natural and Manmade Underground European Heritage, 1st Conference of the European Federation of Marine Science and Technology Societies (EFMS). Key climatic features include tropical cyclones and monsoons in entire; migratory equatorial storm systems in the west, including mainland; and the temperature oscillation phenomenon, which causes floods and prolonged droughts, especially in southern part of Tuticorin Coast. To learn more, view ourPrivacy Policy. Barrier islands (BIs) have been designated as the first line of defense for coastal human assets against rising sea level. A short summary of this paper. Intense coastal erosion takes place mainly on the rocky coasts on the northern and especially on the northwestern part of the island. endstream endobj startxref Globally, this is a massive issue. Coastal erosion is a serious problem that affects the safety and livelihoods of many coastal dwellers along Ghana's coast. The two-day program includes 11 sessions comprising 2 plenary sessions, 8 technical sessions and one special project session, as well as several social events, to promote discussion and sharing of knowledge, information and ideas. You can ask !. Additionally, when barrier islands are destroyed, the coastline becomes more susceptible to the destructive forces of storms and hurricanes. Criteria for the success of soil conservation projects. IGD EinVfz}^m*Gx"Ij6m5 Holocene evolution of the Huelva coast, Spatio -Temporal Analysis of Shoreline Changes along Makran Coast Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System, Historical Monitoring of Shoreline Changes in the Cua Dai Estuary, Central Vietnam Using Multi-Temporal Remote Sensing Data, Overwash sedimentary dynamics in the Ria Formosa barrier islands, Geomorphology of the south-atlantic spanish coast, fieltrip A4 Geomorfologia Zartagoza, 2005, Erosion processes driven by monsoon events after a beach nourishment and breakwater construction at Uswetakeiyawa beach, Sri Lanka, Barrier and Beach Ridge Systems of the Rio de Janeiro Coast, Geomorphology of a Recent Shallow-Water Carbonate Province: Khor Al Bazam, Trucial Coast, Southwest Persian Gulf, Tsunami as agents of geomorphic change in mid-ocean reef islands, An Assessment of Physiographic Habitats, Geomorphology and Evolution of Chilika Lagoon (Odisha, India) Using Geospatial Technology, Southern Bay of Bengal currents and salinity intrusions during the northeast monsoon, Human modification of the shoreline of Japan, Morphologies Changes During Pre- and Post- Southwest Season in Mantanani Besar Island, Kota Belud, Sabah, Depositional Setting and Cementation Pattern of Al-Mejarma Beachrocks, Saudi Arabia: A Proxy for the Late Quaternary Red Sea Coastal Evolution, Coastal evolution on volcanic oceanic islands: A complex interplay between volcanism, erosion, sedimentation, sea-level change and biogenic production, A process based assessment of engineered structures on reef islands of the Maldives, Monsoon wind and maritime trade: a case study of historical evidence from Orissa, India, Evaluating the Effects of Beach Nourishment on Littoral Morphodynamics at Kuala Nerus, Terengganu (Malaysia), GENERAL STUDIES MAINS STUDY MATERIAL GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA, Coastal Characteristics of Iron Sand Deposits in Indonesia, The role of wind waves on salt marsh morphodynamics, Holocene coastal environments and processes in subantarctic/temperate cold Tierra del Fuego, Argentina-Chile, Mechanisms for overcoming the limiting depth for accretion; ecomorphodynamic feedback between lateral progradation and vertical accretion in late stage evolution of coastal lagoons, UPPER OCEAN PHYSICAL PROCESSES IN THE TROPICAL INDIAN OCEAN (A monograph prepared under CSIR Emeritus Scientist Scheme), Holocene coastal response to monsoons and relative sea-level changes in northeast peninsular Malaysia, An analysis of subaerial beach rotation and influences of, Status and Recovery of the Coral Reefs of the Chagos Archipelago, British Indian Ocean Territory, Protein expression patterns of identified neurons and of sprouting cells from the leech central nervous system, Scleractinian coral fauna of the Western Indian Ocean, Tsunami overtopping fan and erosive scarps at Atlantic coast of Tierra del Fuego, Status and Development Potential of the Coastal and Marine Environment of Bay of Bengal and its Living Marine Resources. Added to this, they may also pose a challenge to the stability of the coastal cliffs. Enter the email address you signed up with and we'll email you a reset link. Coastal erosion is a long-term occur- rence, measured in decades and centuries. )R*sdE* *- ] Morroco case study: socio-economic study of erosion control in the Loukkos Basin. The present study investigated the causes of erosion taking place on the beach zones and on the coastal cliffs along the Island of Samos (eastern Aegean Sea). We would like to take this opportunity to thank the members of the Steering, Review and Organizing Committees for their time and effort in putting this symposium together. Fig.7. Earn . Effects of erosion on the eroded site: loss of productivity. Global mean sea level may rise from 0.21 to 0.83 m by the end of 21st century as predicted by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Coastal erosion is an area of large concern for the residents of eastern Australia. Dr. A. Muthukrishnan Achari, Fitsume Desta, Upali S Imbulana, Khairulmaini Bin Osman Salleh. The international participants include decision makers, practitioners, academics, researchers and students from more than 15 nations. Post-Roman sea-level changes on Pag Island (Adriatic Sea): Dating Croatia's "enigmatic" coastal notch? <> Although the Indus Delta covers an area of 41,440 km surrounded by a chain of BIs, this may result in an encroachment area of 3750 km2 in Indus Delta with each 1 m rise of sea level. Factors affecting wave height, period and length include: etch: the distance the wind blows over open water1. %PDF-1.6 % It is the natural process of wearing away topsoil, but human activities have accelerated the process. Special thanks are due to the authors of keynote and technical papers, participants and all other who took time out of their schedules to contribute to the success of the symposium. for shoreline erosion. Once soil erosion occurs, it is more likely to happen again. DxUtB25LnfrlI&U%rGe) hbbd```b``S@$V , `Z 6%X6f84 Dr N0H2FLl{BA"{~`WeH >#H(6g [ Download Full PDF Package. A morphological study of a reef with beachrock characteristics, in association with the recent evolution of the Ammoudara beach zone (Heraklion, Crete). Coastal erosion is the process by which coastal landmasses are eroded by water, wind, and waves. 3 0 obj Farming, grazing, mining, construction and recreational activities are some of the causes of soil erosion. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. (Poland), On the occurrence of a pumice-rich layer in Holocene deposits of western Peloponnesus, Ionian Sea, Greece. 1 :1:qt*0B$E] _@xq5L99DR'D,kh^Xp#$Re*!RGiu%EPQTeGLieApdd1R e8>@n;)\.,i"h1Sw3}xmU)&]XQH*`JOzW?$!!BTP\v! The subregion introduced first is East Asia, for which we will see China, Korea, Taiwan, and Japan. Ocean and Coastal Resource Management in accordance with the Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 as amended. EROSION IS VERY RAPID: Storm erosion of coastal bluffs at Ocean Beach, San Francisco, California. Typical rates of erosion are around 4 feet per year. There are four main processes of coastal erosion. Decrease of fluvial sand supply to the coastal zone is a common cause of coastal erosion. major cause of increased erosion in Keta (Ly, 1980). Coastal erosion is a natural process that constantly reconfigures beaches, either in a landward or seaward direction. Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. The symposium addresses issues related to coastal zone management at a time of rapid change and increased pressure resulting from population growth, infrastructure development and climatic change. Erosion All of Kiribati is coastal! It was found that the Northern, Southern and Eastern coastline are facing high impacts of coastal erosion resulting in structural damage to residential and vacation homes, damage to critical . The tourism activities of Sri Lanka mainly have concentrated in the areas of around Colombo as a commercial hub, along the selected beaches of the west, southwest and eastern coasts, in Central Highlands, and the historic and religious heritage of the Cultural Triangle.